What is HL?
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) or Hodgkin’s disease is a type of lymphoma
which originates from abnormal B-cells and is morphologically
characterised by “Reed-Sternberg cells” that have a unique appearance
and are identified within disease affecting lymphoid tissue such as
lymph nodes.
You can access further information about HL, including risk factors,
symptoms, diagnosis and treatment from
Cancer
Council Victoria. You can also
call
our trusted cancer nurses on 13 11 20 for support and to learn about
our range of services for people affected by cancer.
The Victorian Cancer Registry also operates an interactive web
portal,
Data
Explorer, which provides more trends and statistics than published
here.
How common is HL?
In 2024, 239 Victorians were diagnosed with HL. Of these, there were
125 males and 114 females, representing 52% and 48% of the total
Victorian HL diagnoses, respectively. Currently, HL is diagnosed at a
rate of 3.5 per 100,000 males and 3.1 per 100,000 females. The median
age at diagnosis of HL is 38 years in males and 34 in females (Figure 1
& 2). Accounting for 0.59% of all cancers diagnosed and 0.19% of all
cancer-related deaths in 2024, HL was the 30th most commonly diagnosed
cancer and the 41st most common cause of cancer-related deaths in
Victoria in 2024.
Trends in HL over time
Figure 3a shows for males between 1982 to 2024 the age standardised
incidence rate of HL increased by an average of 1.1% per year.
For females between 1982 to 2024 the age standardised incidence rate
of HL increased by an average of 1.2% per year.
Geographical variance in HL by local government area
Figure 4 demonstrates variation in the estimated risk of being
diagnosed with HL, by local government area, relative to the Victorian
average. Red shading indicates areas with higher risk and blue shading
indicates areas with lower risk relative to Victoria.
HL in people born overseas
Figure 5 shows the standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of Hodgkin
Lymphoma in Australian-born Victorians compared to other major migrant
groups, over the five-year period 2019 to 2023. The highest standardised
incidence ratio (SIR) for Hodgkin Lymphoma was 1.2 for males born in the
Southern Europe region and the lowest SIR of 0.23 was observed in males
born in the North-East Asia region. The highest standardised incidence
ratio (SIR) for Hodgkin Lymphoma was 1.7 for females born in the North
America region and the lowest SIR of 0.28 was observed in females born
in the North-East Asia region.
HL five-year relative survival
Figure 6 shows the change in 5-year survival for Hodgkin Lymphoma,
and the 5-year survival trend for all cancers over the same time period.
It demonstrates that five-year relative survival has increased for
Hodgkin Lymphoma between 1985-1989 and 2020-2024 from 73% to 90%.